一、頻率的選擇

　　1、 Frequency selection

　　全自動超聲波清洗機(jī)的超聲波清洗頻率范圍為28kHz至120kHz，當(dāng)使用水或水清洗劑時，空化引起的物理清洗力明顯有利于低頻，一般在28-40kHz左右。對于間隙小、狹縫和深孔清潔的零件，使用高頻，甚至數(shù)百kHz。清潔時鐘部件時，使用400kHz。如果采用寬帶調(diào)頻清洗，效果更好。

　　The ultrasonic cleaning frequency range of the fully automatic ultrasonic cleaning machine is from 28kHz to 120kHz. When using water or water cleaning agents, the physical cleaning force caused by cavitation is significantly favorable for low frequencies, generally around 28-40kHz. For parts with small gaps, narrow slits, and deep hole cleaning, use high frequencies, even hundreds of kHz. When cleaning clock components, use 400kHz. If broadband frequency modulation cleaning is used, the effect will be better.

　　二、權(quán)力選擇

　　2、 Power selection

　　全自動超聲波清洗機(jī)的超聲波清洗效果不一定與功率×清洗時間成正比，有時功率小，清洗時間長。如果功率達(dá)到一定值，污垢有時會很快清除。如果選擇的功率過大，空化強(qiáng)度會大大增加，清洗效果會得到改善，但隨后使更精密的零件也產(chǎn)生沖蝕點(diǎn)，弊大于利，而清洗氣缸底部的振動板在空化嚴(yán)重時，水點(diǎn)腐蝕也會增加，在使用三氯乙烯等有機(jī)溶劑時，基本上沒有問題，但使用水或水溶性清洗液，易受水腐蝕，如果振動板表面有疤痕，強(qiáng)功率下的水下空化腐蝕更為嚴(yán)重，因此，應(yīng)根據(jù)實(shí)際使用情況選擇超聲功率。

　　The ultrasonic cleaning effect of a fully automatic ultrasonic cleaning machine is not necessarily proportional to the power multiplied by the cleaning time. Sometimes, the power is small and the cleaning time is long. If the power reaches a certain value, dirt can sometimes be quickly removed. If the selected power is too high, the cavitation intensity will be greatly increased, and the cleaning effect will be improved. However, it will also cause erosion points on more precise parts, which is more harmful than beneficial. When cleaning the vibration plate at the bottom of the cylinder, water point corrosion will also increase when cavitation is severe. When using organic solvents such as trichloroethylene, there is basically no problem, but when using water or water-soluble cleaning solutions, it is susceptible to water corrosion. If there are scars on the surface of the vibration plate, underwater cavitation corrosion under high power is more severe. Therefore, ultrasonic power should be selected according to actual usage.

　　三、清洗液溫度的選擇

　　3、 Selection of cleaning solution temperature

　　全自動超聲波清洗機(jī)的水清洗液的適宜清洗溫度為40-60℃，特別是在寒冷天氣，如果清洗液溫度低，氣蝕效果差，清洗效果也差。因此，一些清洗機(jī)圍繞在清洗氣缸外的加熱線周圍，以進(jìn)行溫度控制。當(dāng)溫度升高時，容易產(chǎn)生氣穴現(xiàn)象，因此清洗效果更好。當(dāng)溫度繼續(xù)升高時，腔體中的氣體壓力增加，導(dǎo)致沖擊聲壓下降，反映了這兩個因素的倍增。

　　The suitable cleaning temperature for the water cleaning solution of the fully automatic ultrasonic cleaning machine is 40-60 ℃, especially in cold weather. If the temperature of the cleaning solution is low and the cavitation effect is poor, the cleaning effect will also be poor. Therefore, some cleaning machines surround the heating wire outside the cleaning cylinder for temperature control. When the temperature rises, it is easy to produce air pockets, so the cleaning effect is better. As the temperature continues to rise, the gas pressure in the chamber increases, resulting in a decrease in the impact sound pressure, reflecting the doubling of these two factors.

　　四、清潔籃的使用

　　4、 Use of cleaning basket

　　清潔小零件時，經(jīng)常使用網(wǎng)，因?yàn)榫W(wǎng)會引起超聲波衰減，因此應(yīng)特別注意。當(dāng)頻率為28khz時，使用大于10mm的網(wǎng)格。

　　When cleaning small parts, use a mesh frequently as it can cause ultrasonic attenuation, so special attention should be paid. When the frequency is 28kHz, use a grid larger than 10mm.

　　五、對清洗液的數(shù)量和清洗部位的確定

　　5、 Determination of the quantity of cleaning solution and cleaning area

　　全自動超聲波清洗機(jī)的清洗液位一般在振動器表面以上100mm以上。由于單頻清洗機(jī)受駐波場的影響，波節(jié)處的振幅很小，而波幅處的振幅較大，導(dǎo)致清洗不均勻。因此，清洗項(xiàng)目的選擇應(yīng)放在波浪中。

　　The cleaning liquid level of a fully automatic ultrasonic cleaning machine is generally above 100mm above the surface of the vibrator. Due to the influence of standing wave field, the amplitude at the node of the single frequency cleaning machine is small, while the amplitude at the wave amplitude is large, resulting in uneven cleaning. Therefore, the selection of cleaning projects should be placed in the waves.

　　六、不同的清洗液，區(qū)分清洗系統(tǒng)

　　6、 Different cleaning solutions, distinguish cleaning systems

　　水性系統(tǒng)：通常由一個敞開的容器組成，工件浸入其中。綜合系統(tǒng)由多個儲罐組成，并配有循環(huán)過濾系統(tǒng)、沖洗罐、干燥罐等附件。

　　Water based system: typically composed of an open container into which the workpiece is immersed. The comprehensive system consists of multiple storage tanks and is equipped with accessories such as a circulating filtration system, flushing tank, drying tank, etc.

　　溶劑系統(tǒng)：多為超聲波氣相油脂清洗機(jī)，常配有廢液連續(xù)回收裝置。超聲氣相除油過程是由溶劑蒸發(fā)罐和超聲浸沒罐組成的一體化多罐系統(tǒng)完成的。油、油脂、蠟和其他溶劑溶性污垢通過熱溶劑蒸汽和超聲波攪拌的組合去除。經(jīng)過一系列清潔程序后，工件是熱的、清潔的和干燥的。

　　Solvent system: mostly ultrasonic gas-phase grease cleaning machines, often equipped with a continuous waste liquid recovery device. The ultrasonic gas-phase oil removal process is completed by an integrated multi tank system consisting of a solvent evaporation tank and an ultrasonic immersion tank. Oil, grease, wax, and other solvent soluble dirt are removed by a combination of hot solvent vapor and ultrasonic stirring. After a series of cleaning procedures, the workpiece is hot, clean, and dry.

　　七、全自動超聲波清洗工藝及清洗液的選擇

　　7、 Fully automatic ultrasonic cleaning process and selection of cleaning solution

　　在購買清洗系統(tǒng)之前，應(yīng)對待清洗零件進(jìn)行以下應(yīng)用分析：確定待清洗零件的材料成分、結(jié)構(gòu)和數(shù)量，分析和確定要清除的污垢是決定使用何種清潔方法以及是否使用水基清潔溶液或溶劑的先決條件。清洗過程需要通過清洗實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。只有這樣，才能提供合適的清洗系統(tǒng)、合理設(shè)計的清洗工藝和清洗液。蒸汽壓力、表面張力、粘度和密度是超聲波清洗中重要的因素。溫度會影響這些因素，因此也會影響空化效率。任何清洗系統(tǒng)都必須使用清洗液。

　　Before purchasing a cleaning system, the following application analysis should be conducted on the parts to be cleaned: determining the material composition, structure, and quantity of the parts to be cleaned, analyzing and determining the dirt to be removed is a prerequisite for deciding which cleaning method to use and whether to use water-based cleaning solutions or solvents. The cleaning process needs to be validated through cleaning experiments. Only in this way can suitable cleaning systems, well-designed cleaning processes, and cleaning solutions be provided. Steam pressure, surface tension, viscosity, and density are important factors in ultrasonic cleaning. Temperature can affect these factors, and therefore also affect cavitation efficiency. Any cleaning system must use cleaning solution.

　　八、清洗零件加工

　　8、 Cleaning parts processing

　　超聲波清洗的另一個考慮因素是清洗零件的裝卸設(shè)計或放置清洗零件的工具設(shè)計。當(dāng)清洗部件位于超聲波清洗槽中時，清洗部件和清洗部件籃都不應(yīng)接觸槽的底部。清潔部件的總橫截面積不得超過超聲波槽橫截面積的70%。橡膠和非剛性塑料吸收超聲波能量，因此在模具中使用此類材料時應(yīng)謹(jǐn)慎。還應(yīng)特別注意絕緣清潔部件。吊籃設(shè)計不當(dāng)，或工件太重，即使超聲波清洗系統(tǒng)的效率也會大大降低。掛鉤、架子和燒杯都可以用來支撐清潔件。

　　Another consideration for ultrasonic cleaning is the design of the loading and unloading of cleaning parts or the design of tools for placing cleaning parts. When the cleaning component is located in the ultrasonic cleaning tank, neither the cleaning component nor the cleaning component basket should touch the bottom of the tank. The total cross-sectional area of the cleaning components shall not exceed 70% of the cross-sectional area of the ultrasonic groove. Rubber and non rigid plastics absorb ultrasonic energy, so caution should be exercised when using such materials in molds. Special attention should also be paid to insulation and cleaning of components. Improper basket design or heavy workpieces can greatly reduce the efficiency of ultrasonic cleaning systems. Hooks, shelves, and beakers can all be used to support cleaning components.

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